The water gets bound up into the calcium chloride powder, like piss in cat litter. When you filter it out the water stays with the powder and doesn't go through the filter. Coffee filter is fine
You don't really need to distill anything, just filter out the calcium chloride or let it settle on the bottom and use a syringe to get the acetone you need if you're in a hurry. You don't need super ultra pure acetone for this the tiny amount of calcium chloride that may be suspended in the...
KBr is widely available (NaBr I don't know). Just add some conc. sulfuric acid and get set up for vacuum distillation. Slowly add in H2O2 with an addition funnel. Once done take a sep funnel and add a little conc. h2so4, pour your bromine+water solution into the sep funnel, extract the bottom...
I've only done it once on a very small scale and there has been no trace of orange in either layer. Infact at first I thought I'd *****ed up because I see a lot of photos with orange on here.
Yes, I mostly use the Allihn condenser for reflux or you can use the Vigreux for some applications. The Liebig and Graham condensers for distillation. Since you're probably new to this these PDFs are essential reading for a noob